Those of you who eat meat - have a read of his article
http://www.utilitarian.net/singer/by/1979----.htm. Then... if you disagree with his conclusions, then on what basis...?
Here goes...
Now to declare my interest, in a 'My name's Withnail and I'm a meataholic' kind of way, i must confess that
a) i (obviously) am a meat eater
b) i have no ethical issue with a)
I'm not sure that the basis of my 'justification' really hangs upon any moral argument, but as per the above parameters i will state unequivocally that if i needed to kill and butcher my own meat i would have no problem doing so - i'm as unconvinced as others why this should be a prerequisite, but seeing as it is i present my qualifications.
Now i tend to take both an historical, and biological ,view of this particular issue. An historic perspective is informative because it encompasses the 'because it is what i'm used to doing' sort of response, that you have a problem with, as much as it is an ongoing problem that genuinely needs to be thought about. I'm afraid i cannot be jiggered to try and go through the whole 'reply' process to say what everyone has said, because i tried that with the chimneys and it got me nowhere, but i'm almost sure that Mikington said something about the problem being not with meat consumption
per se, but the
quantities in question - please forgive my almost pathological pleasure in presenting personal peregrinations in ... er ... alliterative form. I tend to agree that this particular problem, and i have no doubt at all that it is a problem and a serious one at that, is one of degree.
However.
We talk about "The Moral Argument" for eating meat and dairy produce.
Loads of people over goodness knows how many pages have tried to say that they have put forward 'moral arguments' to support their continued consumption of both meat and, have you noticed to a lesser extent (?), dairy products, without any recourse to any kind of a discourse upon the moral implication whatsoever? Despite much exasperation expended, extemporaneous expressions have flooded to the fore.
Now i have no ethical dilemma when i eat meat and i'll tell you why...
I think that the relationship we have with the husbanded animals we keep is far more symbiotic than your Singer bloke above would allow. I concur that it isn't really a true symbiotic relationship, the only one of those is with the dog, which interestingly pre-dates our 'assimilation' of any other species by a millennium... or there abouts.
I understand that our perspective allows us an unenviable distance from our desperate past, and i equally understand that the desperation of our past does not necessarily have any bearing on our easy (
is this right, Ed,?) present - or future for that matter - but i would suggest that our past really was desperate. Present comfort should not detract from past necessity, no more than previous necessity should inform present parsimoniousness.
Nonetheless, the animals we 'farm' as food do not lose anything in the contract that has unwrittenly been drawn up between us. The relationship between us cannot, admittedly, truly be described as symbiotic for it is a kind of 'forced' and 'adaptive' symbioticism, as 'twere', but it has conveyed upon the species chosen advantages that 'nature' would not necessarily have bestowed upon them. A particular canard is the oft quoted sheep/man ratio of New Zealand for example - the gap has closed in recent years, but it still stands as somewhere in the order of 1:10 ie ten sheep for every human - one mighty reasonably look at the land of New Zealand and ask 'Which is the more successful animal?" of this island and conclude that the sheep have won.
The result of the the domestication of animals that we use for meat, in an historical context, was one i would boldly state of mutual interest.
What your chap above has not taken into consideration is that any animal living a truly wild existence lives a life under constant stress. It is my contention that the contract between man and domesticated beast has been one of diminished stress to the beast, predicated upon the protection of man. As said before it is not a truly symbiotic relationship, because ultimately the price of a life of less stress is death. But it is a death at the end of a life without stress - what stress of death there is must surely be weighed against the stress that derives from living a 'natural' life in a 'natural' environment.
Would you rather be a Gnu living your entire life wondering whether a Pride of Lions lurks round the next corner, constantly scouring the horizon looking for the danger that is contained within - or a cow chewing the cud obliviously, until you're one day herded on to a truck, driven scarily for a couple of hours, unloaded spookily to queue for something that you suspect isn't particularly good?
As far as i'm concerned this is a satisfactory arrangement.
Subject to the caveats outlined below...
Singer said:
The argument for extending the principle of equality beyond our own species is simple, so simple that it amounts to no more than a clear understanding of the nature of the principle of equal consideration of interests.